中国异见者接近诺贝尔和平奖
卫报，2008年9月24日，译言社翻译http://www.yeeyan.com/articles/view/14392/14665
link:http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/video/2008/feb/01/hu.jia
一名接近评奖委员会的专家称，为在奥运之后强调中国人权纪录，今年诺贝尔和平奖获将授予一名中国异见者。
获奖结果将于今年十月十日在奥斯陆揭晓，作为候选人之一，胡佳是一名为民主、环境和艾滋病患者而战的激进分子。此人目前尚未服满三年六个月刑期，罪名是“企图颠覆国家”。
“今年该奖项会颁发给一名中国异见者，我相信最有可能的人选将是胡佳，也许他的夫人曾金燕也将一起获奖”，奥斯陆国际和平研究协会主管，诺贝尔和平奖观察人士Stein Toennesson表示。“他现在是最广为人知的中国异见者，并且长期以来鲜有与中国有关的人士获得该奖项”。最近的一次是1989年，该奖授予达赖喇嘛。
专家们认为，每年的候选人都是保密的，而挪威诺贝尔委员会应该可以看到奥运会之后是强调中国人权纪录的机会，特别今年正值世界人权宣言公布六十周年。
“奥运会期间有大量压抑。而现在是一个黄金机会，强调那种压抑是不可接受的”，诺贝尔委员会成员候选人，奥斯陆大学国际关系教授Janne Haaland Matlary表示。
自八平方事件以来，“批评中国变得越来越困难，而它也变得越来越强大”，Toennesson表示。“因此也存在一种争论，要不要去打搅正在举办的奥运会，因为它不仅是这个政权的重要时刻，对中国人民来说也是如此”。
有164名个人和33个组织被提名为今年和平奖候选，包括鲍勃·吉尔道夫，弗拉基米尔·普京和世界语。委员会没有公开被提名者的名字，但那些政治家，前获奖者和学者往往推测谁被提名。
委员会还可能选择越南佛教僧侣Thich Quang Do，他在那个供铲挡国家里为宗教自由和民主而战。“他已经成为政权的一个有系统的对手”，Toennesson说。
车臣人权律师Lydia Yusupova是另外一名候选者。“这将是俄国与格鲁吉亚发生冲突后让人们对俄国保持兴趣的一个机会”，Matlary说。
Morgan Tsvangirai也可能获得奖项，“因为他坚持采用非暴力手段迫使罗伯特·穆加贝的政权改弦更张”，Toennesson说。但他接着说：“现在为他颁奖或许过于危险，因为他正担任总理”。
另外一个被提及的名字是Ingrid Betancourt，她可能获奖的理由是“尽管遭受磨难，但她维护政治转变必须通过和平和民主的方式进行”这个国家——哥伦比亚——经历了世界上最长的内战。
委员会也可能选择一名记者或一家媒体组织。“好的新闻报道不同于宣传报道或错误报道，它对和平至关重要”，诺贝尔委员会秘书，Geir Lundestad教授曾对卫报这样表示。他提到的人选包括CNN，纽约时报，世界报或国家报。
一些著名的激进组织，例如Bono和Geldof可能也被考虑。“名声有助于国际社会关注这些问题，例如达尔富尔，并对中国施加压力，令其结束与苏丹政府的关系”，Toennesson说。
谜底在每年十月揭晓，而颁奖典礼每年十二月在奥斯陆举行。去年的赢家是艾尔·戈尔以及政府间气候变化专门委员会。
[参阅旧文]：开放的中国需要他
http://www.bullog.cn/blogs/mozhixu/archives/121259.aspx
Chinese dissident tipped to win Nobel peace prize
Chinese dissident tipped to win Nobel peace prizeHu Jia could be awarded the Nobel peace prize to continue human rights pressure on China after the Beijing OlympicsGwladys Fouché in Oslo guardian.co.uk, Wednesday September 24 2008 13:06 BST
Article history
Watch Hu Jia's video diary of his house arrest
Link to this video This year's Nobel peace prize could be awarded to a Chinese dissident to highlight China's human rights record in the wake of the Olympic Games, according to experts who closely follow the workings of the award.
A likely candidate to receive the prize, the winner of which will be announced on October 10 in Oslo, is Hu Jia, a Chinese activist who has campaigned on democracy, the environment and the rights of HIV/Aids patients. Hu is serving three-and-a-half years in jail for "inciting to subvert state power".
"The prize will go this year to a Chinese dissident and I believe the most likely [recipient] will be Hu Jia, perhaps together with his wife [Zeng Jinyan]," said Stein Toennesson, director of the International Peace Research Institute in Oslo, and a close observer of the peace prize. "He has become the most well known Chinese dissident now and it has been a very long time since anyone [related to China] has won the prize." The last occasion was the Dalai Lama in 1989.
Experts said the Norwegian Nobel committee, the secretive five-strong body that awards the prize yearly, would see the passing of the Olympic Games as an opportunity to highlight China's human rights record, especially in a year marking the 60th anniversary of the universal declaration of human rights.
"There was a lot of repression during the Olympic Games. Now is a golden opportunity to underline that repression is unacceptable," said Janne Haaland Matlary, a professor of international relations at the University of Oslo, and a previous candidate to be a member of the Nobel committee.
Since the Tiananmen Square uprising in 1989, "it has become more and more difficult to criticise China as it became more forceful and powerful," said Toennesson. "It has also been an argument not to disturb the run-up to the Olympics because it will be of momentous importance not only for the regime, but also for the Chinese people."
Some 164 invididuals and 33 organisations are nominated for this year's prize, including Bob Geldof, Vladimir Putin and the Esperanto language. The committee does not publish the names of nominees but those who can nominate, including parliamentarians, former laureates and academics, can choose to reveal their choices.
The committee could choose to honour Thich Quang Do, a Vietnamese Buddhist monk who has been fighting for religious freedom and democracy in the Communist nation. "He has been a systematic opponent to the regime," said Toennesson.
The Chechen human rights lawyer Lydia Yusupova is another contender. "It would be an opportunity to focus on Russia at a time of increased interest following the conflict with Georgia," said Matlary.
Morgan Tsvangirai could be honoured "because he has stuck to non-violent means to bring about regime change against Robert Mugabe," said Toennesson. But he added: "It would be perhaps too risky to give it to him now that he is PM."
Another name mentioned is Ingrid Betancourt, who could be honoured for "maintaining, despite her ordeal, that political transformation must happen through peaceful and democratic means" in a country - Colombia - that is living through the world's longest running civil war.
The committee could decide to name a journalist or media organisation. "Good news coverage, as opposed to propaganda or inaccurate reports, can be essential to peace," the secretary of the Nobel committee, Professor Geir Lundestad, previously told the Guardian. He mentioned possible contenders such as CNN, the New York Times, Le Monde or El Pais.
Celebrity activists such as Bono and Geldof could be considered. "Celebrities have been able to raise international awareness on issues such as Darfur and put pressure on China over its relationship with the Sudanese government," said Toennesson.
The prize is announced in October each year, and the award ceremony takes place in December in Oslo. Last year's winners were Al Gore and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
